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Patrick.R says...

 

Les  instructions processeurs sont fondamentales, si elles ne sont pas présentes dans le processeur, il est incapable de gérer certains programmes.

Deux cas se présentent :

1. le programme a l’installation détecte que le processeur ne possède pas l’instruction et vous en préviens (installation impossible !).

2. La détection de l’instruction n’est pas prévu dans le programme et cela plante régulièrement le PC un peu plus loin, et on tourne en rond en s’arrachant les cheveux !

Les programmes qui font appel à ces instructions sont dans la plupart des cas des logiciels de conception graphique, vidéo, 3D, etc. qui demandent des calculs complexes (Adobe CS par exemple).

Le grand maitre et la référence, c’est Intel, AMD développe pour sa part des instructions concurrentes mais est aussi obligé d’intégrer les instructions d’Intel du fait que les concepteurs de programmes utilisent par défaut les instructions les plus répandues, donc du leader à savoir Intel. Par exemple instruction 3D now ! conçu par AMD n’est pratiquement jamais utilisée, pas qu’elle ne soit mauvaise, bien au contraire, mais simplement parce que les développeur de programmes n’y font pas forcément appel. Le plus important c’est de posséder les SSE comme mes Intel Core 2 duo et l’ Athon X2 (voir features).

 

La  virtualisation (VMX, SVM) (une autre fonction importante et qui prendra surement de l’importance dans le futur) est l’implémentée sur pratiquement tous Les processeurs AMD récents alors qu’Intel joue à cache-cache avec. Au sein d’une même gamme de processeurs Intel (déclinaison en fréquence d’une même puce) cette fonction est désactivée sans que rien n’en préjuge du pourquoi ? … Intel a même dû parfois revoir ses choix…

http://www.presence-pc.com/actualite/intel-cpu-virtualisation-35157/

La virtualisation logicielle n’est pas forcément réservé aux versions professionnelle et ultimate de vista et 7, car on parle dans ce cas du logiciel contenu nativement dans ces systèmes alors que d’autres logiciels existent sur le marché pour virtualiser, mais encore faut il disposer du bon processeur… Windows Sept propose la virtualisation donc par exemple la possibilité de faire tourner XP dans Seven afin d’utiliser ses anciens logiciels, allez savoir si Windows 8 ne proposera pas le surf en mode virtuel … Windows 8 c’est 2012…

Il en va de même pour les instructions sur les processeurs de cartes graphiques , j’ai une excellente ATI 800 gto2 déjà vieille mais relativement puissante et qui possède des fonctions d’acquisitions (ce n’est pas toutes les cartes graphiques qui disposent de cette fonction qui permet par exemple de recopier des cassette VHS en dvd par exemple !) Cette carte graphique ne gère pas les pixels shaders 3.0, quand les premiers jeux implémentant cette version de traitement d’images sont arrivés, elle est devenue d’un coup obsolète et pourtant tout à fait capable de faire tourner le jeu s’il était possible de désactiver cette fonction requise par l’installation qui n’intervient que sur la qualité de l’image ! Par comparaison une Nvidia 6200 possède la gestion des pixel shaders 3.0 mais est incapable de faire tourner les jeux, faute de puissance…

On trouve des PC typés entreprise comme la gamme Vostro de chez Dell par exemple, dédiés au monde professionnel qui possèdent parfois plus de fonction que par exemple la gamme multimédia destinée au grand public. Les constructeur savent que le monde professionnel a souvent besoin de ces fameuses instructions et ce n’est absolument pas une histoire de puissance bien au contraire. Par exemple un bureau d’étude fera la conception 3D sur les puissants  ordinateurs de bureau. Mais quand ils vont chez le client, il est utile d’avoir un PC portable capable d’en afficher la démo 3D, si l’affichage ne demande pas la puissance nécessaire de la conception encore faut il pouvoir installer le programme sur le portable…

Le particulier qui veut tout à coup se lancer dans la 3D ou la retouche photo professionnelle (pourquoi pas) peut acheter un logiciel simplifié et forcément limité qui éventuellement demandera beaucoup plus de temps de calcul et finira parfois par planter le PC, faute de posséder les fameuses instructions qui sont aussi là pour optimiser les calculs. S’ il se procure le logiciel professionnel, il fonctionnera à la seule condition qu’il détecte dans l’ordinateur les instructions indispensables à son fonctionnement !

Ce n’est pas forcément qu’une histoire de prix, juste de choix de départ à l’achat… On peux mettre 5 ans avant de s’en apercevoir mais après c’est irrémédiable surtout dans le cas des ordinateurs portables qui ne sont guère évolutifs !

Extrait : Avec les Pentiums MMX (MultiMedia Extensions) sont apparues les instructions spécialisées dans le traitement de tâches comme la 3D ou le traitement audio et vidéo. Les processeurs Intel les plus récents sont dotés des instructions SSE 3 et SSE 4 qui permettent d'accélérer l'encodage vidéo notamment. Les processeurs AMD les plus récents disposent pour leur part des instructions SSE 2, SSE 3 et du 3D now! qui leur permettent d'avoir de bonnes performances dans les jeux 3D et le multimédia. Si un programme est spécialement optimisé pour une instruction donnée, un processeur sans instructions devra être très puissant pour compenser l'absence de ces instructions et aller aussi vite que son concurrent dans le même programme.

L’acheteur d’un ordinateur et notamment d’un portable, forcément moins efficace qu’un pc de bureau en raison de sa miniaturisation et de la recherche d’économie d’énergie pour le fonctionnement batterie, devra prendre en compte les instructions et fonctions disponibles sur son processeur et de sa carte graphique, autant ne pas se tromper dans le choix de départ ! Un PC  c’est généralement autre chose qu’un lecteur de DVD, mais pas toujours surtout avec le temps qui passe… Aujourd’hui les (trans) portables remplacent les PC dit de bureau, un choix guidé par le côté esthétique et le soi-disant pratique qui n’est finalement pas si judicieux que cela si l’on souhaite un jour pouvoir utiliser des applications pointues.

Et qui peut le plus…

« Le point sur la virtualisation » qui reste toujours d’actualité et le test du mode Windows XP de Windows 7.

Filed under: technique

Scott says...

Notice anything different here? Yup, standing up almost like competitive C1+ canoe.

Filed under: technique

guybutterati says...

           
Click here to download:
lo-mob-photos-filters-samples-FDxrICmwIcCpApiDpkqB.zip (1039 KB)

 

Lo-Mob is a nice iPhone app that is now full-time part of my iPhoneography photo bag... At first glance it could be considered as a gadget...!! just like an other similar app : Camerabag...!! But, when you look closely at the results, hmmm...!! There's some spirit, some source of emotion and both apps render very well crafted filtered images... Have a try...!!

Lo-Mob  and Camerabag

Filed under: Technique

kchez says...

This technique could come in handy some day.

video camera

Recently, someone took the idea of video email a step further and created an email marketing campaign that used video in a way that I hadn’t thought feasible – and it displayed properly in nearly all major email programs!

Here’s how she did it…

 

“Silent Video Email” Uses Animated GIF

Take a look at this email created for the movie “Twilight” (link opens in new window).

That video trailer playing on the left-hand side? It not only works on the web page, but it works in all major email clients except Outlook 2007 (which only displays the first frame of the trailer).

In other words, it works in:

  • AOL
  • Yahoo
  • Hotmail
  • Gmail
  • Mozilla Thunderbird
  • And More

Pretty cool, no?

Filed under: technique

Every system built by a single institution has points of failure that can bring the entire system down.  Even in organizations that have tried hard for internal redundancy – for example, Google and Amazon have extremely distributed infrastructures – there will always be system-wide shared components, architectures, or assumptions that are flawed.  The only way to guarantee there aren’t is to set up completely separate, competing organizations – in other words, new institutions.

This insight has practical implications when building internet services.  One thing I learned from my Hunch co-founder Tom Pinckney is, if you really care about having a reliable website, always host your servers at two data centers, owned by different companies, on networks owned by different companies, on separate power grids, and so forth.  Our last company, SiteAdvisor, handled billions of requests per hour but never went down when the institutions we depended on went down – which was surprisingly often.  (We did have downtime, but it was due to our own flawed components, assumptions etc.).

The importance of institutional redundancy is profoundly more important when applied to the internet at large. The US government originally designed the internet to be fully decentralized so as to withstand large-scale nuclear attack.  The core services built on top of the internet – the web (HTTP), email (SMTP), subscription messaging (RSS) – were made similarly open and therefore distributible across institutions.  This explains their remarkable system-wide reliability.  It also explains why we should be worried about reliability when core internet services are owned by a single company.

The principle of not depending on single institutions applies beyond technology.  Every institution is opaque to outsiders, with single points of failure, human and otherwise.  For example, one of the primary lessons of the recent financial crisis is that the most important form of diversification is across institutions, not, as the experts have told us for decades, across asset classes.  The Madoff fraud was one extreme, but there were plenty of cases of lesser fraud and countless cases of poor financial management, most of which would have been almost impossible to anticipate by outsiders.

Filed under: Technique

mid0 says...

Roberto Bigano shares some techniques used in photographing cars on location. The soft light created needs to be large and very close to the object as you can see in the studio setup.

You'll notice that he changed the light positions in the set. It's difficult to tell from the shadow where the light is from but you can tell from how the light shapes the object.

You can also see how fast the light falls off, its an indication that the light is large, soft and really close.

Roberto Bigano's web site and article here

Filed under: technique

Mike says...

Okay, I know that some of you are now pretty enthusiastic about High Dynamic Range (HDR) imaging - and you should be!  HDR is another great tool that expands your photographic capabilities.  But first, there are a few things you need to do with your camera to give you a better chance of getting the images you need to make this work. Important:

  • Put your camera on a tripod.  The software can help correct for slight misalignments in the photo series, but you'll increase your chances of a nice sharp image if you'll use that tripod.  However, if you don't have the tripod, don't miss the shot - brace yourself and your camera against something solid and fire away!
  • Set your camera to "aperture priority".  This causes your camera to just change the shutter speed, so that each image in the series has the same depth of field.  Also, pick a higher f-stop if it's feasible, like f/8 or f/16 (something about getting a slightly higher dynamic range in each image - technical stuff!).
  • While you're at it, set your camera to a low ISO and turn off the auto-ISO feature if it's on, to reduce noise in the images.
Recommended:
  • Instead of Auto White Balance (AWB), pick one like daylight or tungsten (depending on what your shooting).  Personally, I've always used AWB and haven't noticed any problems.
  • Shoot in RAW instead of JPG, if you can.  If you do shoot in JPG, turn off any in-camera processing that you may have set.  I prefer RAW because, for one thing, you can change the white balance after you get it into the computer.
  • Use manual focus, if possible, so each image has a constant focal point.  Or you can let the camera focus and then turn it off.
  • Use a cable release or a wireless remote release.  Again, this is just to help reduce camera movement during the series of shots.  (Also important for any photo with long exposure times.)
While none of these things are absolute requirements, each one can increase your odds of producing a quality HDR image.  The software is amazing, but it can only do so much so give it all the help you can.  :-) Also, take a look at my previous post about bracketing and HDR:  Bracketing Photos for HDR . . . what?

Filed under: technique

Mike says...

 

 


Shortly after that guy first invented the camera, some other guy (or girl) noticed that their exposure was not always perfect.  So, they came up with the idea of bracketing photos, which is nothing more than taking your photo, and then underexposing one and overexposing another one.  Then, just in case the first try wasn't perfect, one of the other images would probably be closer to what the photographer was looking for.

Of course, for years that was all done manually, one at a time.  However, with most modern digital cameras, that ability is built right in.  My camera, for instance, can take up to 9 bracketed images, with up to 1 f-stop between each one - it first takes the metered correct exposure and then starts underexposing and works right up to the last image which will be 4 f-stops overexposed.  You just have to check your camera's manual to see how to set it up to do this.

As often happens, none of the images - even the bracketed ones are correctly exposed.  Like those 3 above, the sky is too bright, or the trees and foreground too dark.  So, what do we do?

Our eyes can see about a 20 f-stop range, while digital cameras typically only record a range of about 6 to 8 f-stops.  Beyond that, the image may have very dark (or black) shadows and highlights so bright they've turned pure white with no visible detail.  This usually results in disappointing images that don't look anything like the scene we saw when we took the photo.

The main reason I bracket these days is not to get the best exposure but to get a range of exposures to use with software like Photomatix Pro to get what is called a "high dynamic range" (HDR) image, one that more closely resembles what our eyes see in the shadows and highlights.

If you'd like to see what's possible with this technique, go take a look at HDRspotting.com.  There are many truly amazing images there that will most likely get you really excited about HDR.

Then, once you've decided to take the plunge, go to Trey Ratcliff's wonderful travel photography blog, "Stuck in Customs", look at his images, and then check out his HDR Tutorial

(Trey had the first  HDR photo to hang in the Smithsonian.)

 

Filed under: technique

 

Have you noticed that more and more companies are marketing "simplicity" as a reason to buy their products or services? For example, Philips Electronics advertises "Sense and simplicity" while Bank of America promotes "Clear, easy-to-understand products." Simplicity also is the subtle message that Schwab conveys when it says "Talk to Chuck" and that Fidelity suggests when it says just "Stay on the line."

The reality is that simplicity is highly appealing in a world that is getting more and more complex — where consumers have too many choices, where technology is constantly evolving, and where the political and economic environment is unpredictable. In the midst of all this instability and change, people want to get back to basics. They want uncomplicated products, straightforward guidance, and things that work quickly and simply the first time, without lots of extra effort.

What is interesting about this phenomenon is that it is in sharp contrast with the thinking of the past few years — which was that consumers wanted unlimited choice so that they could customize their products and services to fit their own unique needs and lifestyles. As such, technology companies pushed for more and more bells and whistles, while other firms drove towards mass customization. The result was a huge array of choices that became almost overwhelming and costly.

For example, office furniture manufacturer Herman Miller discovered that it was giving consumers so many choices for customizing its popular Aeron chair that it had to be prepared to produce over four million variations on the basic model — even though only a few thousand configurations were actually being ordered. Similarly, Cisco Systems learned from its top corporate customers that all the new features in its networking products were actually causing instability in the corporate networks because they couldn't be integrated easily with existing hardware and software.

It's easy to create slogans and marketing materials about simplicity. The challenge is to truly make things easier for the customer so that simplicity becomes a competitive advantage.

To do that, companies need to listen to their customers and truly engage them in dialogue about their needs — and their perceptions of products and services offered. For example, Cisco works with a number of customer advisory groups that meet regularly with senior executives and product developers; Fidelity executives either answer their 800-number consumer phone lines or listen to tapes of the calls; ConAgra Foods product managers make field visits to consumers' homes and to grocery stores.

In addition to listening to customers, companies also need to design their products and services from the customer perspective. When Intuit developed its small business accounting software package, the product developers realized that most small business owners were not familiar with accounting jargon, and in fact were intimidated by it. So instead of using the term "accounts receivable", they called it "money in." Similarly, "accounts payable" became "money out." As a result of developing a product from the customer perspective, Intuit sold 100,000 copies of the software the first year.

Not every company needs to create its own version of the iPod, an icon of simplicity. But there is no reason why every company can't listen to their own customers and design products and services in ways that better satisfy their customers' desires for greater simplicity and ease of use. If you don't, your competitors probably will.

Ron Ashkenas is a managing partner of Robert H. Schaffer & Associates, a Stamford, Connecticut consulting firm and the author of the forthcoming book Simply Effective: How to Cut Through Complexity in Your Organization and Get Things Done

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Filed under: Technique

szabcsee says...

Great advices from Tim Ferris

...and now I even borrowed his book the 4HRworkWeek. Will let you know later how is it.

Filed under: technique